Qarluq / Karluk Hazaras

Posted on 20/11/2009 by Baatur

Qarluq Hazaras, also pronounced as “Qalugh”, live mainly in Baghlan and a large number of them once lived in Uruzgan province of Central Afghanistan (Hazaristan). In Baghlan, they are an independent Hazara tribe, whereas in Uruzgan, they were a sub-tribe of one of the Hazara tribes that lived in that province, possibly Dai Khitai or Polada (1). There were three main Hazara tribes in Uruzgan, Dai Chuban, Dai Khitai, Polada and also a number of smaller Hazara clans.
This was before Amir Abdur Rahman’s invasion attempts to try to eliminate local Hazaras living in Uruzgan and instead repopulate the region with his followers. His army faced fierce resistance from the local Hazara tribes in Uruzgan. His army was defeated in many of his first attempts, however, since local Hazaras were surrounded from all around, they were eventually defeated and most of their population were either massacred or forced to flee their homeland.

Amir Abdur Rahman’s invasion not only fulfilled his goal which was to massacre an ethnic group and force them to flee their homeland but through this, he was also able to unite many other tribes to follow him in this act. They were told that Hazaras are “infidels”, so he was going to a “holy war” against them.

Among the Uruzgani Hazaras, there are no Polada and Dai Khitai Hazaras left today. From Dai Chuban tribe, Maska, which is a sub-tribe, were also affected and lower Maska region was entirely invaded. Qalandar, a sub-tribe of Dai Chuban faced a similar situation to Polada and Dai Khitai Hazaras. This is surely the greatest loss to a nation to have three of their tribes being massacred at once. Nowadays we do not hear much of Qarlurq sub-tribe among the Hazaras in Uruzgan, which shows that they either faced similar situation as the Polada and Dai Khitai Hazaras or they fled to somewhere else that we are unaware of. Many Hazaras fled to Quetta in Pakistan and also Mashhad in Iran. There is no trace of them in Quetta, which leaves Mashhad the only hope. There has not been any proper search done among the Irani Hazaras in Mashhad yet. We also hear that some Hazaras (possibly Maska Hazaras) left Mashhad for Turkmenistan.

P.S. It would be a great help if anyone with any news/info could either leave a comment or contact me regarding Uruzgani Qarluq Hazaras and Maska Hazaras who fled to Iran and Turkmenistan.

Hamed Batur

Sources:

(1) This was one of the findings of Sir Alexander Burnes, an English explorer who passed Hazara villages in Uruzgan in early 1800’s on his way to Kabul. This piece of info was taken by an Author named Elizabeth E. Bacon, from one of his journals in London.

Karlugh Turk

Filed under: Afghanistan, Hazaristan, History, South Turkistan, Turkic World |

« »

35 Responses

  1. sanjar, on 04/12/2009 at 18:59 said:

    hazara is not turk

  2. Adam, on 06/12/2009 at 04:06 said:

    Sanjar if your are man and informative enough, then prove your calim that Hazaras are not Turks.
    Don’t be so ignorant by just saying they aren’t Turks. One seems a loser while doing what you are doing!

  3. sheikhani, on 08/12/2009 at 11:16 said:

    به نظر من درست نیست که هزاره ها را ترک نامید بلکه می توان همسایه ترک ها نامید. اگر قرار باشد هزاره ها ترک باشند پس سرخپوستان امریکا نیز ترک اند و مردم چین و جاپان و کوریا نیز ترک اند.
    مغول ها قوم دیگری اند که همسایه ترک ها اند و اگر بعضی واژه های مشابه در هر دو زبان است به دلیل همسایه بودن دو ملت است.
    البته اگر قرار باشد از نظر نژادی نیز در نظر بگیریم، اگر قرار باشد ترک و مغول را یکی حساب کنیم پس باید پشتون، فارسی،انگلیس و نارویژی را هم یک قوم حساب کنیم.
    در این اواخر به دلیل اهداف سیاسی در افغانستان کوشش شده تا هزاره ها را نیز ترک حساب کنند ولی بر همه معلوم است که اهداف سیاسی در پس پرده است.
    مغولها دشمن ترک ها بودند، این موضوع کاملاً روشن است که در طول تاریخ جنگ های زیادی میان آنها در گرفته است. به طور مثال میتوان از جنگ چنگیز مغول با سلطان محمد خوارزم شاه که ترک بود یاد کرد.
    ترک ها از قدیم در ماوراءالنهر زندگی میکرند ولی مغولها در زمان چنگیز مناطق ترک نشین را قتل عام کردند.

  4. sheikhani, on 08/12/2009 at 11:18 said:

    awal kho askar hay e changez e mogol turk naboodan chon turk ha mosolman boodan wa astan wa hamchenan changez wa mogol ha kafer boodan wa da turkistan hamla kada boodan, dowom ei ke aga askar hay e changez turk boodan pas askar hay e sultan mohammad e kharazmshah chi boodan? shayad askar hay e sultan mohamad e kharzmshah englis ya amrikayi boodan.

  5. Nasrulla, on 08/01/2010 at 15:52 said:

    Dear Shaikhanni,

    Your comment seems to be so affective prejudice. It seems that you are not qualified enough to even consider the Turko-origin of Hazaras. The linkage of Red-Indians of south America or Japanis and Chinese, along with Hazaras, when it comes to Turkic origine, is unrelivant. Unfortunately, you have not mentioned any authentic information or reasons to support your idea. Taking the names of other races, like you said, are not supportive for accuracy of your idea.

    The events of history, as you mentioned, can never prove or deny the genetic linkage of one race to another as there has been alot of conflicts amoung one race.

    If you want to be wise and able to take part in such forums, please develope your knowlede and come with rational points.

    Hazars are federation of Turks and Mongols. These is very obvious in facial and cultural charectristics of Turks and Hazaras.

  6. bazre, on 12/01/2010 at 11:11 said:

    Hazara ha maan qoord hastand

  7. F Celso M, on 19/02/2010 at 19:55 said:

    Nice website. Please, do you know the origin of the name Oruzgan?
    I thank you in advance for any help on this subject.

  8. MONGOL, on 27/02/2010 at 17:29 said:

    HAZAR MONGOL

  9. Parviz Azizi, on 26/03/2010 at 05:22 said:

    yea I like the post. I think Hazaras are turkic but they lived for a long period of time under the Persians. In a sense, we can say, they are Persified. I guess it is one of the main reasons that many hazaras speak persian with a lot of turkic words. I would be glad if anyone could comment on my idea. many thanks!!

  10. Aazarakhan, on 12/04/2010 at 07:11 said:

    Why there are elements, those who does not want us to be with our own origin. Plz stop this type of comments which make a division. Time for wake up. We are Turkic-Mongol and We are 1000 faces and one soul.

  11. zeki, on 18/04/2010 at 07:11 said:

    I am from karlok. karlok they are famous Turkish tribes and most of the Uzbeks also of the karlok tribe .

    من قارلوك هستم. و یکی از قبایل معروف ترکی (قارلوك) هستند ، و بسیاری از ازبک ها نیز از قبیله قارلوك هستند.

  12. asli, on 18/04/2010 at 21:54 said:

    yes we are Turkish . we are not Persians

  13. asli, on 18/04/2010 at 22:14 said:

    he Karluks (obs. Qarluqs, Qarluks, Karluqs, were a prominent nomadic Turkic tribe residing in the regions of Kara-Irtysh (Black Irtysh) and Tarbagatai west of the Altay Mountains in Central Asia. They were closely related to the Uygurs. Karluks gave their name to the distinct Karluk group of the Turkic languages, which also includes the Uygur, Uzbek and Ili Turki languages. Karluk is widely known as Chagatai language. Karluks were known as a coherent ethnic group with autonomous status within the Turkic Kaganates, and the independent states of the Karluk Yabgu and Karakhanids, before being absorbed in the Chagatai Ulus of the Mongol empire.
    from :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karluks

  14. Jawad Bahloli, on 07/05/2010 at 17:02 said:

    The Hazaras are living in Afghanistan for many centuries, Hazaras speaks Hazaragi language a dialects of Dari/ Persian. The Hazaras are closer to Mongolian in terms of their tradition, Facial (genetic) as compare to Turk. In linguistic there is no doubt that there are hundreds of Turkik words for instance; Aatta, Tolagha, Abagha, Alagha, Taragh and many more.

    The Hazara’s of Qarluq usually lives in Shaikh-Ali district in Parwan Province.
    The main Hazara tribes of Shaik-Ali are Naimo/ Naiman, Dai Kalo/ Kalan, Qarluq and Karm-Ali.

    The most important thing about Shikh-Ali Hazaras among the rest of Hazaras living in Hazarajat, they consist of Sunni, Shia and a small number of Ismaili Muslim.
    The Qarluq and Karm-Ali represent Sunni while Naiman and Dai Kalo/ Kalan represent Shia Muslims, although there are few Sunni among Naiman. The majority of the population of Shaikh-Ali are Shia Muslim. Many of these people migrated to Baghlan and Panjsher Province in the past years.

    The Shaikh-Ali’s Hazara didn’t face much trouble from the regime of Abdur Rahman may be due to their Sunni Muslim as a result, small number of tribes migrated to neighbouring countries Pakistan most of them in Iran.
    The Hazaras of Surkh Parsa are also Sunni Muslim that lives in Parwan Province.

    Jawad Bahloli
    Dai Kalan

  15. Abdul Majeed Qarluq, on 26/05/2010 at 10:07 said:

    as i study about qarluq orginally qarluq com from china they were liveing in chaina 766 BC and due to the expansion of people they com to afghanistan in Afghanistan they are speaking in two languages Uzbiky and Hazaragy the qarluq who are speaking hazaragy they are liveng in darah shikhali the grandfather of them was Ghulam Ali Qarluq now hazara qarluq are liveing in kunduz baghalan saripol
    and also Uzbik Qarluq are liveing in kunduz Badakhashn we have relation as cousen Qarluq is qarluq not Hazar nor Uzbik they are only QARLUQ

  16. khalid mehmood, on 04/08/2010 at 09:39 said:

    i am karluk turk living now in pakistan in hazara davsion .our forfather came from aniecnt turkistan now a days modern uzbekistan since our great leader amir timur came with his army in 1398.After amir timur invaded the indian sub continent He and His army came in area that is now called hazara at the time when amir timur came the name of that area was abi saraz.the amir timur dew to the importance that left one thousand karluk turks trops in that area. After that he left his turks trops in that area He and His other army came back to turkistan.the one thousand turks captuchered the whole area and turks became ruler of that area the turks named that area karluk hazara .the karluk turks ruled that area since 1398 to 1703. after that phuthoon defeated the turks .any one can read the history of those turks and that area on google.first you write google.com then you write turks of pakistan.

  17. khalid mehmood, on 04/08/2010 at 09:55 said:

    i am karluk turk living in living in pakistan .my email adress is khalid.turk4u@google.com.any one turk friend chat me and can asked our history and our modren states in pakistan. now a days we small group in made an organization name turk welfare organization for betterment of turks now living in pakistan.

  18. MASHKOOR KHAN, on 25/09/2010 at 07:03 said:

    I am a karluk turk residing in Hazara Pakistan (Dist: Haripur) near Khanpur Dam. I have read the contents of a book named Tareekh e Hazara written by Raja Irshad of Haripur. The relation of we turks living in Village Bharray (now name changed as Muslim Abad) according to Tareekh e Hazara is with the turks of pakhli, behali and Mansehra. I appreciate the efforts of Mr Khalid Mehmood for set up an organization named turk welfare organization please continue your efforts and let me know what can I do for this organization
    Thank you

  19. khalid mehmood, on 19/11/2010 at 08:07 said:

    mr maskoor khan you must contact on my no 03348954540

  20. Ansar Khan, on 30/11/2010 at 14:12 said:

    Dear all, Salam to all of u, I am also a Turk living in Hazara division in Pakistan, here a large community of Turks are living in mainly three districts i.e. HariPur, Abbottabad, and Mansehra area.

  21. ISRAR tURK, on 28/02/2011 at 10:33 said:

    i aditoinal secretaray of TURK WELFARE ASSOCIAITION in PAKISTAN now a days in HAZARA DIVISION.PLZ CONTACT E -MAIL israrturk2010@yahoo.com AND 0331-910 37 48

  22. Israr Turk, on 02/03/2011 at 09:44 said:

    AoA.All Turk community contact with me.fast.my cell no 0331-910 37 48 and e-mail israrturk2010@yahoo.com

  23. Israr Turk, on 02/03/2011 at 14:59 said:

    KARLUGH TURK
    ARRIVAL
    Establishment of Pakhli Sarkar

    Tha Karlugh Turk,having a central Asian orging,became the ruling class of (Hazara Division) and maintain this until the 18 th century (1703). Thay formed a Turki Shahi state with the arrivel of Sultan-ud Din from (Kabul) who established his rule in the entire(Hazara Division Pakhli) region.This state came to be knoen as (Pakhil)Sarkar with Guli Bagh as its capital.Locals always called them Rajs,but thay contiued to use the title of Sultan till end of their rule in Hazara.however ,later on.when their rule came to an end thay assumed the titleof ”Raja” a name given to ti their anscestors by the locals.However ,samall population of Turks retained “”usmani”and “khan”with their name.

    DECLINE AND FULL OF KARLUGH TURK

    The last Karlugh Turk ruler of Pakhli Sarkar was [[Sultan Mehmud Khurd]]. One of his brothers, Sultan Qyas-ud-din, was Wali-e-Tanawal (Lower), and the Wali-e-Tanawal (Upper) was Sultan Sahwaj. His brother Sultan Muqarrab was Wali-e-Dhamtor, i.e. Rush areas of present [[Abbottabad]]. Pakhli Sarkar had two other important governorships. One in the areas between Battagram and Thakot ruled by Shamsher Khan and other of Kashmir governed by Sultan Kamal. Both of these governors were close relatives of Turk rulers of Pakhli Sarkar. At that time Kashmir was part of Hazara (Pakhli Sarkar).

    The introduction of Sikh rule into Hazara, commenced after 1818. In this year Hashim Khan, Turk, of Manakrai, murdered his fellow-chieftain, Kamal Khan (Karlugh). The latter’s cause was espoused by the Tarin chief, Muhammad Khan, and to save himself Hashim Khan betrayed his country to the Sikhs. At his invitation Makhan Singh, the Sikh Governor of Rawalpindi, invaded Hazara with 500 sowars, built a fort at Serai Saleh, and levied tribute from the Haripur plain.

    Karlugh Turk in Kashmir

    After the loss of [[Pakhli]] state in 1703 and after 1872 settlement, nearly half of the Turk population migrated to nearby Hazara and Kashmir regions. In [[Azad Kashmir]] these migrated Turk clans are living in different villages like in [[Muzaffarabad]] they are present in Bararkot, Bheri, Lambian Pattian, Shawai, Chanjal([[Pathika]]), Madar, Kahori, Gari Dupatta, Sanweyari, Chinari, Karnah(leepa valley) and in [[Muzaffarabad]] town. In Indian-held Kashmir these clans are found in Bara Mula, Bari pura, [[Srinagar]] and other adjoining areas.
    In [[Azad Kashmir]] Turks had made a non-political organisation namely “Turk Welfare Association (Reg: Azad Kashmir on May 2, 1984)”. The milestone of this organisation was laid by Raja Muhammad Yousaf Khan Turk, Fazal-ur-Rehman Khan Turk, Professor Muhammad Afsar Usmani, Raja Ayub khan Turk, Marshal Muhammad Latif Khan Turk and other elders of Turk clans from different areas in 1983. In this very first meeting, Turks from Hazara also joined and Raja Ammanullah Khan (former speaker NWFP Assembly) and Raja Muhammad Irshad Khan (author Treekh-e-Hazara) actively participated. The rks of [[Azad Kashmir]] are [[Hindko]] speaking.

    Karlugh Turk Settlements

    The descendants of the Karlugh Turks continue to live in the [[Hazara Division|Hazara]] area of [[Pakistan]] and [[Azad Kashmir]], mostly in the mountainous regions. They had continued to maintain a very secluded and exclusive lifestyle until the late 19th and early 20th century. According to the ”’Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 13, p. 79”’, published in 1909, some 2000 persons returned themselves as Turks, descendants of the [[Turkmen people|Turkomans]] who came with Timur in 1391. It is more probable, given the fact that most Turk villages were in the inaccessible mountainous regions at the time of 1901 census, that the actual number could be as high as around 10,000.

    Currently, some of the main Karlugh Turkish villages in Hazara Division are Manakrai and Bayan in [[Haripur District]], Behali and Mohar in [[Mansehra District]] and RichhBehn in [[Abbottabad District]] and on the monutains between Pakistan and AJK along with Neelum Valley up to Patika.

    Israr Turk

  24. Ahmad Bilal, on 20/01/2012 at 19:48 said:

    iam a turk live in taxila turk nation ko raja kuya khaty hai jab ka in tital khan hai orignal khan to turk hai pakhtoon kuay khan khlatya haiplz explan

  25. Raja Aftab ahmed Usmani, on 20/07/2012 at 15:55 said:

    i belong to the same karlug turk tribe of Hazara division of Pakistan. we live in Muzaffarabad, the capital of Azad Kashmir.
    To Ahmed Bilal:
    Turks had been rulers of Hazara state for nearly 300 years. The local population was mostly Hindu and the hinndus used to call their rulers RAJA. Instead of this, the turk rulers used the title of sultan.When the turk rule was over,all over the turks were called Rajas. This is how the turks came to retain the title of raja. Whereas, the surname KHAN is concerned, every turk can use it with his name because KHAN is originally the title of Turk invaders of central asia. With the passage of time, different surnames were adopted by different turk clans of Hazara division like Khan, Usmani, Raja, Raaesani, mir etc.

  26. raja faisal rehman, on 16/10/2014 at 16:47 said:

    I am Raja Faisal Rehman,(add me on facebook by this name) a karlug turk from Hazara Divsion,Abbottabad, K.P.K, Pakistan. I am interested in search of my other turkmen brothers and sistier around the globe. my email is. rajafaisalrehman@gmail.com. or contact me. on +92321-8917227

  27. OLIVER, on 12/01/2015 at 06:24 said:

    TODAY TURKS ARE NOT A DESCENDANTS OF ANCIENT GOK TUREG. THEY ARE JUST USING THE NAMES OF HEROES AND LANGUAGES. IF YOU MEET A TURKISH GUY OR WOMAN IN THE STREET THEY LOOKS LIKE AZAR OR IRAN PEOPLE. SOME IS ITALIAN, OR EUROPEAN. WHO CANT TELL THEM GOK TUREG OR TURK. MANY NATIONS OR PEOPLE SPEAKING TURK OR ANCIENT TUREG LANGUAGE IN THE WORLD. BUT THEY ARE NOT ALL TURKS. TODAY TURKEY IS FAKE TURKS. JUST ACTING THE ROLE OF TUREGS. FUCKING FAKE TURKS!!!

  28. goyathlay, on 12/12/2016 at 21:05 said:

    oliver,turks that live in turkey are turks and why do the different faces of turks bother you so much?instead of messing with us why dont you go and analyze the faces that fucked your mother????you had better see your face in the mirror and perhaps you were a poor turk-hating armenian

  29. Mohammad, on 14/01/2017 at 06:34 said:

    I’m Hazara from Hazaristan
    I’m Language is Persian but I’m Turk .

  30. Mahmmood Turkmani, on 11/04/2017 at 22:47 said:

    (Qarliq Hazaras), (Turkmun or Turkmeni Hazaras), (Tatar Hazaras),(Qara Bagh Hazaras), (Jaghoori Hazaras), (Qataghan Hazaras), (Ghaznawi Hazaras) and …… are all Turkic.

  31. Mahmmood Turkmani, on 11/04/2017 at 22:48 said:

    (Qarluq Hazaras), (Turkmun or Turkmeni Hazaras), (Tatar Hazaras),(Qara Bagh Hazaras), (Jaghoori Hazaras), (Qataghan Hazaras), (Ghaznawi Hazaras) and …… are all Turkic.

  33. Israr Ul Haq Turk, on 09/01/2023 at 19:22 said:

    he Karluks (Qarluqs, Qarluks, Karluqs, were a prominent nomadic Turkic tribe residing in the regions of Kara-Irtysh (Black Irtysh) and Tarbagatai west of the Altay Mountains in Central Asia. They were closely related to the Uygurs. Karluks gave their name to the distinct Karluk group of the Turkic languages, which also includes the Uygur, Uzbek and Ili Turki languages. Karluk is widely known as Chagatai language. Karluks were known as a coherent ethnic group with autonomous status within the Turkic Kaganates, and the independent states of the Karluk Yabgu and Karakhanids, before being absorbed in the Chagatai Ulus of the Mongol empire.

  34. Naveed Mushtaq, on 20/03/2023 at 16:10 said:

    I belong to the karluk tribe. Karluk established pakhli sarkar in late 1400 AD.
    Katluk tribe can’t linked with chughtai or hazara people.

  35. Najib hakimiyan, on 17/07/2023 at 22:38 said:

    قرلق ها باشنده ولایت مختلف افغانستان هستند مگر قرلق هزاره نیستند‌. وهمیشه در تاریخ قرلق هارا به قوم های مانندی هزاره تاجک یاد
    کردن .قرلق ها هیچ وابستگی به هزاره ها ندارند

Leave a comment